{"id":30019,"date":"2025-10-17T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T18:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agenciainfra.com\/blog\/?p=30019"},"modified":"2025-10-21T11:09:55","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T14:09:55","slug":"opiniao-stj-admite-limitacao-da-demurrage-ao-valor-do-conteiner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agenciainfra.com\/blog\/opiniao-stj-admite-limitacao-da-demurrage-ao-valor-do-conteiner\/","title":{"rendered":"STJ admite limita\u00e7\u00e3o da demurrage ao valor do cont\u00eainer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Thianne de Azevedo Silva Martins*<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Quarta Turma do STJ (Superior Tribunal de Justi\u00e7a), ao julgar o Recurso Especial n\u00ba 1.577.138\/SP, sob relatoria do ministro Raul Ara\u00fajo, analisou os limites jur\u00eddicos da cobran\u00e7a de sobre-estadia de cont\u00eaineres e concluiu que, quando o valor \u00e9 contratualmente prefixado, a demurrage assume natureza de penalidade convencional. Nessa hip\u00f3tese, admite-se a redu\u00e7\u00e3o judicial quando a quantia se mostra manifestamente excessiva, conforme o artigo 413 do C\u00f3digo Civil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O entendimento refor\u00e7a a import\u00e2ncia da proporcionalidade e da modicidade nas rela\u00e7\u00f5es contratuais de transporte mar\u00edtimo. O tribunal assentou que, como regra, o valor cobrado n\u00e3o deve ultrapassar o pre\u00e7o equivalente ao do pr\u00f3prio cont\u00eainer, salvo comprova\u00e7\u00e3o de danos materiais adicionais que justifiquem a cobran\u00e7a superior. A decis\u00e3o afasta interpreta\u00e7\u00f5es autom\u00e1ticas e privilegia o equil\u00edbrio econ\u00f4mico contratual entre as partes, permitindo o controle judicial sobre cobran\u00e7as desproporcionais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A demurrage \u00e9 um instituto consolidado no com\u00e9rcio exterior e corresponde \u00e0 cobran\u00e7a feita pelo atraso na devolu\u00e7\u00e3o do cont\u00eainer ap\u00f3s o per\u00edodo de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o gratuita. Durante anos, prevaleceu o tratamento da sobre-estadia como indeniza\u00e7\u00e3o prefixada, dispensando a demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o de preju\u00edzo efetivo. No julgamento, o STJ observou que, embora a natureza indenizat\u00f3ria continue sendo o ponto de partida, a cobran\u00e7a baseada em valores previamente fixados aproxima-se da l\u00f3gica de uma cl\u00e1usula penal contratual, cuja finalidade \u00e9 assegurar o cumprimento da obriga\u00e7\u00e3o e compensar a mora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com esse enquadramento, o tribunal aplicou as regras gerais do direito civil e reafirmou a possibilidade de redu\u00e7\u00e3o judicial de valores manifestamente excessivos. No caso concreto, o valor cobrado, cerca de vinte e dois mil reais pela utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de vinte e um cont\u00eaineres, foi considerado compat\u00edvel com o custo de reposi\u00e7\u00e3o, o que levou \u00e0 manuten\u00e7\u00e3o da cobran\u00e7a. Ainda assim, o precedente cria um par\u00e2metro de refer\u00eancia para evitar distor\u00e7\u00f5es quando os valores excedem o pre\u00e7o do pr\u00f3prio equipamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A decis\u00e3o contribui para uniformizar o tratamento jur\u00eddico da demurrage e oferece maior previsibilidade \u00e0s partes envolvidas nas opera\u00e7\u00f5es log\u00edsticas. De um lado, garante ao transportador o direito \u00e0 compensa\u00e7\u00e3o pelo atraso na devolu\u00e7\u00e3o do cont\u00eainer. De outro, assegura a importadores, exportadores e agentes de carga, conforme sua responsabilidade contratual, o direito de questionar cobran\u00e7as desproporcionais, fortalecendo a transpar\u00eancia e o equil\u00edbrio contratual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O precedente do STJ consolida uma interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o que aproxima o direito mar\u00edtimo das regras gerais de justi\u00e7a contratual. Ao reconhecer a necessidade de proporcionalidade na aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da demurrage e ao admitir a limita\u00e7\u00e3o do valor ao pre\u00e7o do pr\u00f3prio cont\u00eainer, o tribunal reafirma a relev\u00e2ncia da fun\u00e7\u00e3o social do contrato e da boa-f\u00e9 objetiva como fundamentos para a seguran\u00e7a jur\u00eddica e a estabilidade das rela\u00e7\u00f5es de com\u00e9rcio internacional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*Thianne de Azevedo Silva Martins<\/strong> \u00e9 advogada fundadora da Azevedo Martins Advocacia, com atua\u00e7\u00e3o nas \u00e1reas tribut\u00e1ria, aduaneira e empresarial. P\u00f3s-graduada em Direito e Processo Tribut\u00e1rio pela Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Escola Superior do Minist\u00e9rio P\u00fablico e bacharela em Direito pela Universidade\u00a0Candido\u00a0Mendes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As opini\u00f5es dos autores n\u00e3o refletem necessariamente o pensamento da Ag\u00eancia iNFRA<\/strong>, sendo de total responsabilidade do autor as informa\u00e7\u00f5es, ju\u00edzos de valor e conceitos descritos no texto.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Thianne de Azevedo Silva Martins* A Quarta Turma do STJ (Superior Tribunal de Justi\u00e7a), ao julgar o Recurso Especial n\u00ba 1.577.138\/SP, sob relatoria do ministro Raul Ara\u00fajo, analisou os limites jur\u00eddicos da cobran\u00e7a de sobre-estadia de cont\u00eaineres e concluiu que, quando o valor \u00e9 contratualmente prefixado, a demurrage assume natureza de penalidade convencional. Nessa hip\u00f3tese, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30020,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,10040],"tags":[641,16209,1878,10317,16212,16211,16210,16208],"class_list":["post-30019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-infratransporte","category-opiniao","tag-conteiner","tag-decisao-stj","tag-demurrage","tag-opiniao","tag-raul-araujo-stj","tag-sobreestadia-de-conteiner","tag-thianne-martins","tag-valor-do-conteiner"],"yoast_head":"\nSTJ admite limita\u00e7\u00e3o da demurrage ao valor do cont\u00eainer - Ag\u00eancia iNFRA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agenciainfra.com\/blog\/opiniao-stj-admite-limitacao-da-demurrage-ao-valor-do-conteiner\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"STJ admite limita\u00e7\u00e3o da demurrage ao valor do cont\u00eainer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Thianne de Azevedo Silva Martins* A Quarta Turma do STJ (Superior Tribunal de Justi\u00e7a), ao julgar o Recurso Especial n\u00ba 1.577.138\/SP, sob relatoria do ministro Raul Ara\u00fajo, analisou os limites jur\u00eddicos da cobran\u00e7a de sobre-estadia de cont\u00eaineres e concluiu que, quando o valor \u00e9 contratualmente prefixado, a demurrage assume natureza de penalidade convencional. 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